MMLU
Massive Multitask Language Understanding benchmark testing knowledge across 57 diverse subjects including STEM, humanities, social sciences, and professional domains
GPT-5 from OpenAI currently leads the MMLU leaderboard with a score of 0.925 across 100 evaluated AI models.
What MMLU measures
MMLU is a text benchmark that evaluates large language models on reasoning, finance, general, healthcare, language, legal, and math tasks. LLM Stats tracks 100 models on this benchmark, with a maximum possible score of 1. Current average across reported models is 0.8, with the leader reaching 0.9.
Compare leaders on the best AI for reasoning, best AI for finance, best AI for general, best AI for healthcare, best AI for language, best AI for legal and best AI for math leaderboards.
Publication
- Paper
- Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understanding
- Authors
- Dan Hendrycks, Collin Burns, Steven Basart, Andy Zou, and 3 others
- Published
- arXiv
- 2009.03300
Abstract
We propose a new test to measure a text model's multitask accuracy. The test covers 57 tasks including elementary mathematics, US history, computer science, law, and more. To attain high accuracy on this test, models must possess extensive world knowledge and problem solving ability. We find that while most recent models have near random-chance accuracy, the very largest GPT-3 model improves over random chance by almost 20 percentage points on average. However, on every one of the 57 tasks, the best models still need substantial improvements before they can reach expert-level accuracy. Models also have lopsided performance and frequently do not know when they are wrong. Worse, they still have near-random accuracy on some socially important subjects such as morality and law. By comprehensively evaluating the breadth and depth of a model's academic and professional understanding, our test can be used to analyze models across many tasks and to identify important shortcomings.
Progress Over Time
Interactive timeline showing model performance evolution on MMLU
MMLU Leaderboard
| Context | Cost | License | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  OpenAI | — | — | — | ||
| 2 | OpenAI | — | — | — | ||
| 3 | OpenAI | — | — | — | ||
| 3 | OpenAI | — | — | — | ||
| 5 |  Sarvam AI | 105B | — | — | ||
| 5 |  Alibaba Cloud / Qwen Team | 236B | — | — | ||
| 7 |  Anthropic | — | — | — | ||
| 7 | Anthropic | — | — | — | ||
| 9 |  Moonshot AI | 1.0T | — | — | ||
| 9 | OpenAI | — | 1.0M | $2.00 / $8.00 | ||
| 11 | OpenAI | 117B | 131K | $0.09 / $0.45 | ||
| 12 |  Meituan | 560B | — | — | ||
| 13 | Moonshot AI | 1.0T | — | — | ||
| 13 | Moonshot AI | 1.0T | — | — | ||
| 15 |  Xiaomi | 1.0T | 1.0M | $0.43 / $0.87 | ||
| 16 | Alibaba Cloud / Qwen Team | 236B | 262K | $0.30 / $1.50 | ||
| 17 | OpenAI | — | 128K | $2.50 / $10.00 | ||
| 17 | Alibaba Cloud / Qwen Team | 33B | — | — | ||
| 19 |  DeepSeek | 671B | — | — | ||
| 20 | Alibaba Cloud / Qwen Team | 235B | — | — | ||
| 21 | Moonshot AI | 1.0T | — | — | ||
| 22 | Alibaba Cloud / Qwen Team | 31B | — | — | ||
| 23 |  xAI | — | — | — | ||
| 23 | OpenAI | — | 1.0M | $0.40 / $1.60 | ||
| 25 | Moonshot AI | — | — | — | ||
| 26 | 405B | — | — | |||
| 27 | OpenAI | — | — | — | ||
| 28 | Anthropic | — | — | — | ||
| 29 | OpenAI | — | 128K | $10.00 / $30.00 | ||
| 30 | Alibaba Cloud / Qwen Team | 33B | — | — | ||
| 30 | OpenAI | — | — | — | ||
| 32 | xAI | — | — | — | ||
| 33 | 90B | — | — | |||
| 33 | 70B | — | — | |||
| 35 |  Amazon | — | — | — | ||
| 35 |  Google | — | — | — | ||
| 37 | OpenAI | — | 128K | $2.50 / $10.00 | ||
| 38 | Meituan | 69B | 256K | $0.10 / $0.40 | ||
| 39 |  Meta | 400B | — | — | ||
| 40 | OpenAI | 21B | — | — | ||
| 41 | OpenAI | — | — | — | ||
| 41 | Alibaba Cloud / Qwen Team | 9B | 262K | $0.18 / $2.09 | ||
| 43 | Sarvam AI | 30B | — | — | ||
| 44 | Alibaba Cloud / Qwen Team | 31B | — | — | ||
| 45 |  Microsoft | 15B | — | — | ||
| 46 |  Mistral AI | 123B | — | — | ||
| 47 | 70B | — | — | |||
| 48 | Alibaba Cloud / Qwen Team | 33B | — | — | ||
| 49 | Alibaba Cloud / Qwen Team | 72B | — | — | ||
| 50 | OpenAI | — | — | — |
FAQ
Common questions about MMLU.
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